{"id":17948,"date":"2021-06-05T23:10:44","date_gmt":"2021-06-05T16:10:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/?p=17948"},"modified":"2021-06-05T23:10:44","modified_gmt":"2021-06-05T16:10:44","slug":"cong-nghe-thong-tin-mo-hinh-3-tier-va-3-layer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/cong-nghe-thong-tin-mo-hinh-3-tier-va-3-layer\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin: M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh 3 Tier v\u00e0 3 layer"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh CNTT nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 tier v\u00e0 3 layer. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y chia s\u1ebb gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa 3 Tier v\u00e0 3 layer.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>1. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 Tier<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h5><strong>1.1 M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 Tier l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Theo wikipedia: 3-tiers l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ki\u1ec3u client\/server m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (UI-user interface);<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc x\u1eed l\u00fd(BR-business rule hay BL-business logic);<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng module \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 t\u1ea7ng (3-tiers) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.2 C\u00e1c ph\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a 3 Tier<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>3 Tier g\u1ed3m 03 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Presentation tier:<\/strong> bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd giao di\u1ec7n Graphic User Interface (GUI). Presentation t\u1ec9e d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Business tier:<\/strong> g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Business Logic Layer (BLL), Data Access Layer (DAL) v\u00e0 Data Tranfer Object (DTO). \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Data tier:<\/strong> l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL nh\u01b0 MS SQL Server, Oracle, SQLite, MS Access, XML files, text files,\u2026D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, cho ph\u00e9p l\u1edbp Business Logic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.3. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 Tier<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: <\/strong>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng: Khi c\u1ea7n t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m, ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea5y b\u1edbt ra trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng s\u1ebd ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau (IPC), d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i -&gt; truy\u1ec1n \u0111i -&gt; m\u1edf g\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>2. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 layer ( 3 l\u1edbp)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.1 M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh 3 layer l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 l\u1edbp hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Three Layer (3-Layer), m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t khi b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n(project) l\u1edbn, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd code v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ed7i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.2. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 l\u1edbp<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u2013 Presentation Layer (GUI):<\/strong> L\u1edbp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n giao di\u1ec7n ( win form, web form,\u2026) v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadp li\u1ec7u, hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u00eau, ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1ecdi l\u1edbp Business Logic Layer (BLL).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u2013 Business Logic Layer (BLL):<\/strong> Layer n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n ra 2 th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 :<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thao t\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a GUI layer, x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u00ednh ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Presentation Layer tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng Data Access Layer v\u00e0 l\u01b0u xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ea3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 Presentation Layer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u2013 Data Access Layer (DAL):<\/strong> L\u1edbp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ( t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, th\u00eam, x\u00f3a, s\u1eeda,\u2026).<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.3. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 l\u1edbp<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng l\u1edbp gi\u00fap cho code \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1eddng minh h\u01a1n. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c chia ra t\u1eebng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 giao di\u1ec7n, x\u1eed l\u00fd, truy v\u1ea5n thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7. Nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft d\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia, th\u00ec m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp trong 1 l\u1edbp, ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: khi ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh theo m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i \u00a0khi\u00a0c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa hai m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ( Winform sang Webfrom ) th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i l\u1edbp GUI.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ec5 b\u00e0n giao.\u00a0N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u theo m\u1ed9t quy chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n, th\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0n giao, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 l\u1edbp. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n chia gi\u1ed1ng nhau (presentation, bussiness , data). Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ebfu 3 tiers c\u00f3 t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00ed th\u00ec 3 layer c\u00f3 t\u00ednh logic. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ta ph\u00e2n chia \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n (c\u00e1c l\u1edbp) theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c vai tr\u00f2 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic. C\u00e1c layer kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi trong 1 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a process. V\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t tier c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u layer.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Xem th\u00eam<\/h5>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/dao-tao\/cong-nghe-thong-tin\/\">&gt; \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n tuy\u1ec3n sinh ng\u00e0nh C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Th\u00f4ng tin<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/dao-tao\/tong-quan-ve-nganh-dao-tao\/\">&gt; \u0110i\u1ec3m qua 09 ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1eaft nh\u1ecbp xu th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&gt;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/tuyen-sinh\/hoc-bong\/\">\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc sinh Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\n    <div class=\"xs_social_share_widget xs_share_url after_content \t\tmain_content  wslu-style-1 wslu-share-box-shaped wslu-fill-colored wslu-none wslu-share-horizontal wslu-theme-font-no wslu-main_content\">\n\n\t\t\n        <ul>\n\t\t\t        <\/ul>\n    <\/div> \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh CNTT nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 tier v\u00e0 3 layer. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y chia s\u1ebb gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa 3 Tier v\u00e0 3 layer. 1. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 Tier 1.1 M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 Tier l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Theo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":16867,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,64,68],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dao-tao","category-sinh-vien","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17948"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17948"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17948\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17948"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17948"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixabu.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}